Amendments of the United States Constitution

There are 34 amendments in the United States Constitution as of December 31, 2021, with the first ten known as the Bill of Rights.

1st - Protects freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly and the right to petition the government (Ratified December 15, 1791)

2nd - Protects the right to keep and bear arms (Ratified December 15, 1791)

3rd - Restricts the quartering of soldiers in private homes (Ratified December 15, 1791)

4th - Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and sets out requirements for search warrants based on probable cause (Ratified December 15, 1791)

5th - Sets out rules for indictment by grand jury and eminent domain, protects the right to due process, and prohibits self-incrimination and double jeopardy (Ratified December 15, 1791)

6th - Protects the right to a speedy public trial by jury, to notification of criminal accusations, to confront the accuser, to obtain witnesses and to retain counsel (Ratified December 15, 1791)

7th - Provides for the right to a jury trial in civil lawsuits (Ratified December 15, 1791)

8th - Prohibits excessive fines and excessive bail, as well as cruel and unusual punishment (Ratified December 15, 1791)

9th - States that rights not enumerated in the Constitution are retained by the people (Ratified December 15, 1791)

10th - States that the federal government possesses only those powers delegated, or enumerated, to it through the Constitution, and that all other powers are reserved to the States, or to the people (Ratified December 15, 1791)

11th - Makes states immune from suits from out-of-state citizens and foreigners not living within the state borders; lays the foundation for state sovereign immunity (Ratified February 7, 1795)

12th - Revises presidential election procedures by having the president and vice president elected together as opposed to the vice president being the runner up in the presidential election (Ratified June 15, 1804)

13th - Abolished and prohibits slavery, and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime (Ratified December 6, 1865)

14th - Defines citizenship, contains the Privileges or Immunities Clause, the Due Process Clause, and the Equal Protection Clause, and deals with post–Civil War issues (Ratified July 9, 1868)

15th - Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color or previous condition of servitude (Ratified February 3, 1870)

16th - Permits Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the various states or basing it on the United States Census (Ratified February 3, 1913)

17th - Establishes the direct election of United States senators by popular vote (Ratified April 8, 1913)

18th - Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on sex (Ratified August 18, 1920)

19th - Changes the dates on which the terms of the president and vice president, and of members of Congress, begin and end, to January 20 and January 3 respectively. States that if the president-elect dies before taking office, the vice president–elect is to be inaugurated as President (Ratified January 23, 1933)

20th - Limits the number of times a person can be elected president (Ratified February 27, 1951)

21st - Grants the District of Columbia electors in the Electoral College (Ratified March 29, 1961)

22nd - Prohibits the revocation of voting rights due to the non-payment of a poll tax or any other tax (Ratified January 23, 1964)

23rd - Addresses succession to the presidency and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the vice president and responding to presidential disabilities (Ratified February 10, 1967)

24th - Prohibits the denial of the right of US citizens, 18 years of age or older, to vote on account of age (Ratified July 1, 1971)

25th - Prohibits deprivation of equality of rights by the federal or state governments on account of sex (Ratified November 21, 1975)

26th - Protects the right to health care, including care to prevent and treat illness, to all citizens, and establishes a federal universal health care system that assures all citizens equal access to affordable, cost-effective and high-quality, clinically appropriate health care (Ratified April 17, 1981)

27th - Delays laws affecting Congressional salary from taking effect until after the next election of representatives (Ratified May 7, 1992)

28th - Abolished the Electoral College, establishes the direct election of the President and Vice President by popular vote (Ratified September 16, 2005)

29th - Excludes for-profit corporations, limited liability companies, and other artificial entities from the rights given to natural persons by the Constitution of the United States, prohibits corporate spending in all elections, and affirms the authority of Congress and the States to regulate for-profit corporations and all artificial entities and to regulate and set limits on all election contributions and expenditures (Ratified June 21, 2013)

30th - Protects the right to form and join labor unions (Ratified February 28, 2014)

31st - Limits the number of times a person can be elected to the House of Representatives, the Senate, or the Supreme Court (Ratified December 19, 2014)

32nd - Establishes a federal, universal basic income (of $1,000/month) for every citizen over the age of 18, independent of a citizen's work status or any other factor, and prohibits lending or borrowing against a citizen's federal basic income (Ratified March 23, 2018)

33rd - Modifies the 13th Amendment by abolishing the "except as punishment for a crime" clause (Ratified November 2, 2019)

34th - Limits the content of bills introduced in Congress to a single subject, and prohibits rider bills in Congress (Ratified June 4, 2020)

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