A Mercator projection map of the world as of December 31, 2021 (click to enlarge). This is a list of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly in presidential systems, there is only one leader being both head of state and head of government. In other cases, mainly in semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of state and the head of government are different people. In semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of government role (i.e. executive branch) is fulfilled by both the listed head of government and the head of state. In single-party systems, ruling party's leader (i.e. General Secretary) is usually the de facto top leader of the state, though sometimes this leader also holds presidency or premiership. NOTE: This is an alternate history timeline, please do NOT regard the following information on the world's population in this article as being factual or accurate regarding our own world. --------------------------------...

  A Mercator projection map of the world as of December 31, 2021 in this timeline (ITTL) (click to enlarge). NOTE: This is an alternate history timeline, please do NOT regard the following information on the world's population in this article as being factual or accurate regarding our own world. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- AFRICA ------------------------------------------ Algeria - 47,142,343 Angola - 38,057,321 Benin - 15,423,430 Botswana - 3,609,432 Burkina Faso - 28,729,100 Burundi - 14,800,750 Cameroon - 30,124,172 Cape Verde - 763,981 Central African Republic - 6,039,763 Central Nile Republic - 13,365,198 Chad - 19,341,376 Comoros - 876,243 Djibouti - 1,936,797 Egypt - 134,430,399 Equatorial Guinea - 3,767,310 Eswatini - 2,090,225 Ethiopia - 286,189,907 Gabon - 7,019,817 Gambia - 4,436,219 Ghana - 40,966,735 Guinea - 21,363,859 Guinea-Bissau - 2,289,582 Ivory Coast - 31,735,077 Kenya - 62,948,037 Lesotho - 5,295,389 Liberia - 7,76...